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The Negro Family: The Case For National Action
''The Negro Family: The Case For National Action'' (known as the Moynihan Report, 1965) was written by Daniel Patrick Moynihan, an American sociologist serving as Assistant Secretary of Labor〔"I was Assistant Secretary for Policy Planning and Research." (First Measured Century: Interview: Daniel Patrick Moynihan )〕 under President Lyndon B. Johnson of the United States. In 1976 Moynihan was elected to the first of several terms as U.S. Senator from New York and continued to support liberal programs to try to end poverty. His 1965 work focused on the deep roots of black poverty in the United States and concluded, controversially, that the high rate of families headed by single mothers would greatly hinder progress of African Americans toward economic and political equality.
Moynihan argued that the rise in Black single-mother families was not due to a lack of jobs (this would soon be the case due to the loss of jobs through industrial restructuring) but rather to a destructive vein in ghetto culture, which could be traced to slavery times and continued discrimination in the American South under Jim Crow. Black sociologist E. Franklin Frazier had introduced this idea in the 1930s, but Moynihan was considered one of the first academics to defy conventional social-science wisdom about the structure of poverty. As he wrote later, "The work began in the most orthodox setting, the U.S. Department of Labor, to establish at some level of statistical conciseness what 'everyone knew': that economic conditions determine social conditions. Whereupon, it turned out that what everyone knew was evidently not so."
==Background==
While writing ''The Negro Family: The Case For National Action,'' Moynihan was employed in a political appointee position at the U.S. Department of Labor, hired to help develop policy for the Johnson administration in its War on Poverty. In the course of analyzing statistics related to black poverty, Moynihan noticed something unusual:〔(Social Disruptions ) – Ben Wattenberg, in ''The First Measured Century'' (PBS)〕 Rates of black male unemployment and welfare enrollment — instead of running parallel as they always had — started to diverge in 1962 in a way that would come to be called "Moynihan's scissors."〔(Kay S. Hymowitz, "The Black Family: 40 Years of Lies" ), ''City Journal''〕
When Moynihan published his report in 1965, the out-of-wedlock birthrate among blacks was 25 percent, much higher than that of whites.〔Daniel P. Moynihan, ''The Negro Family: The Case for National Action'', Washington, D.C., Office of Policy Planning and Research, U.S. Department of Labor, 1965.〕 Since that time, the number of single mother families has risen markedly among whites, blacks and Hispanics.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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